184
History
39.
In your notebook, write a summary of the most
important transformations that occurred during the
transition from the Middle Ages to the Early Modern
Age. Include the following headings:
❚
Economic (production and distribution of goods)
❚
Social (social groups)
❚
Political (the structure of the states)
❚
Cultural (philosophy, science and art)
❚
Important concepts
40.
Answer the following questions about each of the
paintings below:
❚
What is the theme?
❚
Is it an idealist or realist work of art? Why?
❚
Describe the features of the composition.
❚
How is perspective achieved?
35.
Define the following terms.
❚
bourgeoisie
❚
banker
❚
domestic system
❚
oil painting
❚
mercantile capitalism
❚
authoritarian monarchy
❚
modern state
❚
humanism
❚
anthropocentrism
❚
patron
❚
perspective
❚
freestanding
❚
Greek cross plan
❚
ruling class
36.
Match each accomplishment with the historical
figure it corresponds to.
❚
Copernicus
❚
Gutenberg
❚
Mehmed II
❚
Van Eyck
❚
Dante
❚
the Fall of Constantinople
❚
the oil painting technique
❚
the first works in vernacular language
❚
movable-type printing
❚
the heliocentric hypothesis
37.
Write a brief paragraph about the consequences of
each of the accomplishments above.
38.
Copy the sentences in your notebook. Write true (T)
or false (F) and correct the false sentences.
The Early Modern Age began in a period of
growth in agricultural production, craftsmanship
and trade.
The bankers increased their wealth by investing
their money in trading companies.
The social group that prospered the most in
this era was the bourgeoisie.
Under the authoritarian monarchies, the power
held by the monarchy and the nobility increased.
The modern state was larger and more complex
than the feudal state of the Middle Ages.
The Early Modern Age ended with the Fall
of Constantinople and began with the
French Revolution.
The main feature of humanism was the belief
that human beings are the centre of philosophical
thought and artistic creation.
Renaissance art was a continuation of the styles
that had come before.
Leonardo de Vinci, Botticelli and other great
Renaissance painters portrayed realistic faces.
The oil painting technique, developed by Durer,
permitted artists to portray the details of their
work with much greater precision.
9
Top:
Children’s Games
by Bruegel the Elder. Left:
Madonna of the Goldfinch
by Raphael Sanzio. Right: Detail of
The Last Supper,
Leonardo de Vinci
CONSOLIDATION
