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Most plants have
three main parts:
a stem, roots and leaves. Water moves from
the roots, through the stem and up to the leaves. Mosses don’t have roots.
Can you remember what they have instead of roots?
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The stem
The
stem
brings water and minerals
up from the roots and takes them to
the leaves. The stem also supports
the leaves, flowers and fruit.
We can divide plants into two groups
according to their stems.
Herbaceous plants
, such as ferns,
have soft, green stems.
Woody plants
, such as shrubs and
trees, have hard stems.
Shrubs are smaller than trees, with
branches
that are near the ground.
Trees are larger than shrubs, with
a thick stem called a
trunk
. The
branches of a tree usually grow
higher up on its trunk. Does this
picture show a shrub or a tree? Why?
Roots
Roots
usually grow underground.
They have
two functions
. They
anchor the plant to keep it
standing. They absorb water and
minerals from the soil.
Many plants have one large
primary root
and several smaller
secondary roots
. The secondary
roots have very tiny
root hairs
.
These tiny hairs help the roots to
absorb water and minerals more
quickly. What kinds of roots can
you see on this plant?
What are the parts of plants?
Living things
Primary root
Roots
Stem
Leaves
Secondary root
Root hairs
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What vital functions can plants carry out?
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E T T i N G S T A R T E D