17
1. The technological process
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Types
Properties
Machines and tools
Hardwood trees
:
oak,
cherry
Softwood trees
:
pine,
spruce
Derivatives
:
cardboard,
tissue paper, card
❚❚
Dense
❚❚
Permeable
❚❚
Electrical insulator
❚❚
Thermal insulator
❚❚
Reusable
❚❚
Biodegradable
❚❚
Renewable
Saw, drill, files and rasp files,
sandpaper, hammer,
screwdriver, glue …
Natural
:
cellulose, latex
Synthetic
:
thermoplastic
(polystyrene, nylon),
thermosetting polymers
(polyurethane), elastomers
(rubber, Neoprene)
❚❚
Malleable
❚❚
Ductile
❚❚
Mechanical strength
❚❚
Electrical insulator
❚❚
Thermal insulator
❚❚
Impermeable
(waterproof)
Scissors, files, glue …
Ferrous
:
contains iron,
like steel
Non-ferrous
:
doesn’t
contain iron, like copper,
aluminium
❚❚
Hard
❚❚
Tough
❚❚
Ductile
❚❚
Electrical conductor
❚❚
Heat conductor
❚❚
Impermeable
Circular saw, drill,
soldering iron …
Natural
:
wool, cotton
Synthetic
:
nylon, Lycra
❚❚
Elastic
❚❚
Resistant
❚❚
Impermeable
❚❚
Durable
Scissors,
sewing machine …
Pure
:
marble, granite
Blends
:
glass, cement
❚❚
Hard
❚❚
Dense
❚❚
Compact
❚❚
Impermeable
❚❚
Resistant
❚❚
Thermal insulator
❚❚
Electrical insulator
Tools used for cutting,
polishing, painting...
Thick
:
earthenware
Fine
:
stoneware,
porcelain
❚❚
Impermeable
❚❚
Thermal insulator
❚❚
Electrical insulator
Oven, paint, varnish …
Understand
30.
Look for information
about the properties
‘hard’ and ‘fragile’ and
make notes.
Can something be both
hard and fragile? Give an
example.
❚
Technical materials and their
properties are factors that
influence the technological
process.
❚
There are very different
types of materials with very
different properties that we
have to keep in mind when
putting them to use.
Key concepts
ADVANCE EDITION
